Teenagers can behave in strange ways that often mystify adults. For some parents, their teen's moods or actions keep them up at night.

The key is knowing how to recognize signs a teen may be in real trouble and not just experiencing normal difficulties of the age. Moreover, learning how to better communicate with a teen will go a long way to being able to help him or her.

"Sometimes your child's behavior just doesn't seem to make sense, and trying to talk about it gets you nowhere," said Joseph Nowinski, PhD, counselor and author of the new book, "The Identity Trap: Saving Our Teens From Themselves."

"Most of the time you needn't worry. This is the age when a child tries on different identities to test them out," said Nowinski. "One month your teen may be dark and dressing somberly, and the next month he is an outgoing athlete or star in the school play. This is all part of growing up."

However, according to leading child psychologists, parents should worry if behavior is too erratic or dangerous or if a teen's moods are too extreme and persist for too long.

According to Dr. Lisa Boesky, author of "When To Worry: How To Tell If Your Teen Needs Help and What to Do About It," it can be tough to recognize signals of serious problems. Almost all troubling behavior- apathy, lack of focus, weight obsession, slipping grades, mood swings, irritability or experimentation with alcohol- can be due to typical adolescence or can be signs that something is wrong.

"These years are filled with volatile periods of enthusiasm and giddiness, as well as sadness or despair. Teens can be extremely passionate about personal beliefs, music or the opposite sex. This is all normal," said Boesky. "What can be a sign of real trouble, however, is if lows or highs last for too long and are not triggered by any situational factors or if a teen's behavior results in difficulties at home, in school or with friends."

Here are some tips from Boesky on effective teen relations:

•Talk less, listen more. Teens have a lot to say to someone who truly listens. Most teens find brief interactions with parents who listen more satisfying than lengthy talks with many interruptions.

•Teens are less likely to open up when a parent sits them down to "talk." Chat about everyday things to connect. Over time, initiate talks about tough topics, such as smoking, alcohol, drugs or sex.

•Accepting how teens think or feel, particularly when they are upset or angry, helps them feel understood

•Brief nonjudgmental questions ("Then what happened?") can keep conversation flowing.

•Validate their problems. Don't deny or disagree with their feelings by telling them it's no big deal. Don't try to pacify them or philosophize by telling them "life isn't fair." Beware of offering too much advice when it isn't invited.

•Don't attempt to communicate if either of you are angry at the other.

•Prepare for an important talk by deciding on the outcome you are trying to achieve so you aren't distracted by unrelated topics.

Remember, you don't have to have all the answers. Listening supportively goes a long way. For the bigger problems, don't hesitate to turn to a doctor, a child psychologist or teen counselor.

This story is provided by State Point Media.